Any reference will tell you the Novaya Zemlya effect is a polar mirage — and it is. But Novaya Zemlya-like effects are not limited to the Arctic. The Novaya Zemlya effect is an atmospheric refraction ...

WHILE in a rowing-boat on the ocean during a sultry afternoon this summer I observed a very peculiar series of refraction phenomena that seem worth describing. A thunderstorm was brewing in the ...

Pilots over the Himalayas sometimes witness three suns due to sundogs, an optical phenomenon caused by sunlight refracting through hexagonal ice crystals in high-altitude clouds. These crystals bend ...