The conditional independence relation for a triple of σ-algebras is investigated. For certain operations on this relation, necessary and sufficient conditions are derived such that these operations ...

We consider two recent approaches to characterizing the manifest probabilities of a strictly unidimensional latent variable representation (one satisfying local independence and response curve ...

Studies axioms, counting formulas, conditional probability, independence, random variables, continuous and discrete distribution, expectation, moment generating functions, law of large numbers, ...

Possibility theory and conditional probability offer complementary perspectives for modelling uncertainty, with each framework contributing distinct advantages. Possibility theory, rooted in fuzzy set ...

Probability is the theory that allows us to make an inference from a sample to a population. It provides the mathematical and theoretical basis for quantifying uncertainty. Probability is also used ...

Studies axioms, counting formulas, conditional probability, independence, random variables, continuous and discrete distribution, expectation, joint distributions, moment generating functions, law of ...