The mineralogy of Earth is determined by its chemical composition, its physical conditions, and its evolution over time. About 5,000 minerals have been found on Earth and every year some new ones are ...

Today 5,000 to 7,000 minerals are formally recognized on earth and every year some new ones are discovered. Most were hidden in rocks for million years, found only at a few sites or small crystals and ...

Webb data explains how heat-formed crystal minerals end up in icy comets by tracking their journey around a young, actively forming star.

Minerals are geologic time capsules of the environments in which they form. With the right approach, their mysteries can be cracked open to reveal key features of the ancient Earth or other planets.

Far below the familiar blue of the surface oceans, geophysicists are piecing together evidence for a vast, hidden reservoir of water locked inside the planet itself. Instead of filling open caverns, ...