Previous installments of this series discussed the need to verify SPICE model accuracy and how to measure the output impedance and small-signal bandwidth of operational amplifier (op amp) models. In ...

The first installment of this article series discussed the need to verify SPICE model accuracy and how to measure the open- and closed-loop small-signal AC output impedance of operational amplifier ...

Native SPICE elements that accurately replicate an op amp’s real-world behavior were nonexistent. A transconductance sourcing current from the rails and transitioning to a resistive state as the ...

LTspice simulation of the K2-W Vacuum Tube Op Amp’s design reveals the mad science that created a commercial revolution in 1950s and 1960s analog computing. The K2-W's first-stage differencing ...

Of digital electronics, a wise man once said that “Every idiot can count to one.” Truer words have rarely been spoken, because at the end of the day, every digital circuit is really just an analog ...

Industrial and medical design continually push to improve product accuracy and speed. The analogue integrated circuit industry has generally keptup with speed requirements, but it is falling behind on ...