Spare a moment’s pity for the process engineer, whose job it is to keep industrial automation running no matter what. These poor souls seem to be forever on call, fielding panicked requests to come to ...

A bi-directional current source for a grounded load will always have some complication in its construction. The improved Howland Current Pump as shown in Figure 1 is the most frequent choice for this ...

The current-mode or peak-current-regulating switching converter is a familiar, almost dominant, power supply circuit consisting of few parts and is usually designed with “cookbook” procedures from PWM ...

The course is focused on current-mode control techniques, which are very frequently applied in practical realizations of switched-mode. Upon completion of the course, you will be able to understand, ...

Most circuits that require current loss detection use expensive isolation amplifiers. This circuit solves that problem with a simple and low-cost method to detect current loss of 4-20 mA. To view the ...

Open-collector outputs are useful for transmitting buffered digital/pulse signals to the external world when high drive is needed. In harsh operating environments like automotive systems, however, ...

In Part 1 of this two-part series, we presented a 3-phase, 480VAC motor circuit with its associated controls (Figure). We stepped through a logical, systematic approach to troubleshoot the main power ...