Summative assessment refers to the assessment or evaluation of students’ learning, skill acquisition, and academic achievement at the conclusion of a specific instructional period. It is generally ...

Summative assessments evaluate learning at the end of a unit, course, or instructional period. While typically used to gauge final outcomes, these assessments can also serve formative purposes, ...

I love hyphens. Always have. Always will. If used properly, hyphens make things easier to read. This is because hyphenated words let readers know there’s something still coming in a phrase that’s ...

When designing formative assessments, instructors need to think about aligning the assessed knowledge and skills, as well the assessment format itself, with desired learning outcomes and with the ...

Formative assessment comprises techniques that are used to monitor student learning and to provide ongoing feedback. The aim of formative assessment is to provide information on student struggles that ...

Carol Boston says “Black and Wiliam (1998b) define assessment broadly to include all activities that teachers and students undertake to get information that can be used diagnostically to alter ...

As we approach the end of the school semester in the midst of a pandemic, institutions and instructors have been forced to break from the long-held rituals of summative assessment season. But just as ...

This chapter discusses the relationships between formative and summative assessments—both in the classroom and externally. In addition to teachers, site-and district-level administrators and decision ...