The average textbook definition of modulation reads: modulation is a process in which the frequency, phase or amplitude of a carrier wave varies in step with the instantaneous value of the modulating ...

Strike a bell, and the bell rings at its resonance modes. Strike it harder and the bell rings at the same tone, only louder. Now imagine a small crack in the bell, perhaps invisible to the eye. We ...

An arbitrary waveform generator (AWG) is a powerful and flexible signal source capable of generating any wave shape within the bandwidth and amplitude range of the generator. Populating an AWG with ...

Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) or Pulse Duration Modulation (PDM) is a technique of converting analog signals into rectangular waveforms. The width of the waveform varies in proportion with the ...

Curtiss-Wright’s E-SOQPSK (Extensible SOQPSK) is a software-configurable, ultra-low-power Wi-Fi modulation scheme. Its waveforms offer some beneficial performance attributes for aeronautical telemetry ...

When characterizing jitter performance, it is common to measure jitter output of a transmitter and jitter tolerance of a receiver. When measuring jitter tolerance, various quantities of intersymbol ...

Active metadevices integrated with semiconductors. (a) Hybrid silicon-metallic resonators for all-optical ultrafast active metamaterials. (b) Broadband metamaterial frequency switch with femtosecond ...

Pulse Width Modulation or PWM technology is used in Inverters to give a steady output voltage of 230 or 110 V AC irrespective of the load. The Inverters based on the PWM technology are more superior ...