Mathematicians explore ideas by proposing conjectures and proving them with theorems. For centuries, they built these proofs line by careful line, and most math researchers still work like that today.

Since the start of the 20th century, the heart of mathematics has been the proof — a rigorous, logical argument for whether a given statement is true or false. Mathematicians’ careers are measured by ...

Mathematics continues to evolve rapidly and shapes everything from artificial intelligence to climate modelling. Many modern mathematicians have gained global recognition for expanding theoretical ...